Basilica di Santo Stefano Rotondo al Celio

The Basilica di Santo Stefano Rotondo al Celio, often referred to simply as Santo Stefano Rotondo, is a distinctive circular church in Rome that holds a significant place in the city's Christian history. This unique architectural gem is located on the Caelian Hill, providing visitors with a glimpse into Rome's early Christian heritage.

Santo Stefano Rotondo is one of the oldest churches in Rome, dating back to the 5th century. Its circular design is a rarity in early Christian church architecture and was inspired by the circular form of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. This circular layout symbolizes the heavenly Jerusalem and the resurrection of Christ.

The church's interior is adorned with a series of frescoes that depict gruesome martyrdom scenes. These paintings provide insight into the early Christian fascination with martyrdom and suffering, and they have a unique historical and artistic significance. The frescoes have been restored over the years and are a testament to the enduring legacy of early Christian art.

Santo Stefano Rotondo also houses relics of several early Christian martyrs, adding to its religious and historical significance. The church has gone through various renovations and restorations over the centuries, and its preservation ensures that it remains a valuable representation of early Christian architecture and devotion.